Tunnel cladding

ABSTRACT

The application relates to a device for air spinning, i.e. for the manufacture of a spun thread ( 10 ) from a staple sliver ( 1, 24 ). The device contains in particular a fibre guide element ( 3, 22 ), a fibre conveying channel ( 4 ), and an eddy chamber housing ( 15 ) attached to the fibre guide element ( 3, 22 ). The eddy chamber housing ( 15 ) contains in its turn a spindle ( 7 ) arranged at a distance interval from the fibre guide element ( 3, 22 ), with a yarn guide channel ( 8 ). In addition, the eddy chamber housing ( 15 ) contains a fluid device with at least one jet nozzle ( 13.1 ) for the production of an eddy current ( 11 ) about the inlet aperture mouth ( 9 ) of the yarn guide channel.  
     According to the invention, the fibre conveying channel ( 4 ) exhibits a tunnel cladding ( 17, 26, 27, 28 ), which is dimensioned in such a way that at the end of the fibre conveying channel ( 4 ) a step to the eddy chamber housing ( 15 ) is formed, whereby the front face of the step ( 18, 29, 30, 31 ) serves as a deflection guide surface for the fluid, which emerges from the nozzle jet(s) ( 13.1 ).

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for the manufacture ofa spun fibre or thread from a staple sliver in accordance with thepreamble to claim 1.

PRIOR ART

[0002] Such devices are known in textile technology and are used for airspinning processes. Such a device is disclosed, for example, bySpecification EP 854 214 (equivalent to U.S. Pat. No. 5,927,062), whichis shown in FIG. 1. It can be seen how a staple sliver 1 is deliveredfrom a pair of delivery rollers 2 (in most cases a drafting device) andruns through a fibre guide element 3.1. The fibre guide element 3.1exhibits a fibre conveying channel 4 with a helically-shaped fibre guidesurface 5, whereby this ends at a fibre delivery edge 6. Arranged at acertain distance from the fibre guide element 3.1, and from the fibredelivery edge 6 respectively, is a spindle 7 with a yarn guide channel 8and an inlet aperture mouth 9 allocated to the yarn guide channel 8.Between the fibre guide element 3.1 and the inlet aperture mouth 9 is afluid device for generating an eddy current around the inlet aperturemouth 9 (fluid device not shown). The fluid device generates an eddycurrent 11 around the inlet aperture mouth 9, and around the spindle 7respectively in the area 14. FIG. 1 shows the air spinning device indiagrammatic form only. The space 14 is normally enclosed by a housingand can therefore be designated as an eddy chamber (14.1, see followingFigures). As a fluid, compressed air is usually used. Due to the eddycurrent 11 which is created, the free fibre ends 12 of the staple sliver1 lie around the inlet aperture mouth 9. As a result of the movement ofthe fibre strip sliver 1 in the direction of the arrow a relativerotating movement of the free fibre ends 12 is created around the inletaperture mouth 9, and, as a result, around the fibre strip sliver 1.From the staple sliver 1 a spun thread 10 is accordingly derived.

[0003] The present invention is concerned with the guidance of the fluid(air) flowing out of the fluid device. It is concerned in particularwith the area of the eddy chamber 14.1 in the immediate vicinity of theoutlet apertures for the fluid.

[0004] A further instance of the prior art, according to Japanesespecification JP 3-10 63 68, is shown in FIGS. 2 and 2a. In FIG. 2essentially the same components are shown as in FIG. 1 (with one change,see FIG. 2a). In particular, the pair of delivery rollers 2 and thespindle 7 with the yarn guide channel 8 can be identified. By analogywith FIG. 1, a fluid device creates an eddy current here also. In thissituation, the fluid device consists of several jet nozzles 13.1. Thejet nozzles consist as a rule of cylindrical holes from which the fluid(air for preference) is introduced under pressure into the eddy chamber14.1. The eddy chamber 14.1 has a circular cross-section. As a result ofthe direction of flow created by the arrangement of the holes, and dueto the circular cross-section of the eddy chamber 14.1, the compressedair flowing in creates an eddy flow around the inlet aperture mouth 9 ofthe spindle 7. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the fibre guide element 3.1includes a casing jacket 3 a, which also forms the fibre conveyingchannel 4. Connected directly to the casing jacket 3 a is an eddychamber housing 153 In the device according to this Figure, the fluiddevice (represented by the holes or jet nozzles 13.1) is integrated intothe casing jacket of the fibre guide element 3 a. In the device shown,the eddy chamber housing 15 and the casing jacket of the fibre guideelement 3 a are two separate components. It is however entirelypossible, and known from the prior art, for both components to bedesigned also as one element (as a single piece). Whether these elementsare designed as single pieces or as separate components is not ofsignificance to the present application.

[0005] In FIG. 2a the fibre guide element 3.1 of FIG. 2 is shown in athree-dimensional view. By contrast with FIG. 1, the fibre guide element3.1 in FIG. 2 does not exhibit a helical but rather a flat fibre guidesurface 16. A further difference between this and FIG. 1 lies in theabsence of a fibre delivery edge. Instead of the fibre delivery edge,the fibre guide element part 3 b exhibits a truncated cone shape. Thepurpose of this cone 16 is to produce what is referred to as a falseyarn core.

[0006] The intention of this is to prevent a false twist (incorrectrotation of the staple sliver) from the inlet aperture mouth 9 extendingbackwards through the fibre guide element 3.1 as far as against theclamping gap of the pair of delivery rollers 2 (referred to as twiststop). A false twist prevents a correct twist or rotation of the freefibre ends 12 about the (untwisted) yarn core. In the event of a falsetwist, the core of the staple sliver rotates with the free fibre ends 12and prevents the spinning of the fibres. With the prior art according toFIG. 1, the twist stop is achieved by the helical-shaped fibre guidesurface 5, which is intended to render impossible the rotation of thestaple sliver 1 towards the delivery rollers 2.

[0007] Another instance of prior art which relates to the deviceaccording to the invention is to be found in a patent application fromApplicants, still unpublished at the time of this application(international Application Number: PCT-CH 01-00569).

[0008] The problem of the present invention is the improvement of theflow conditions in the eddy chamber and therefore of the yarn values ofthe yarn which is produced. In particular, it is intended that the areaof the eddy chamber in the immediate vicinity of the outlet apertures ofthe jet nozzles should be improved in terms of flow technology.

THE INVENTION

[0009] The problem of the invention is resolved by the featuresaccording to the invention in the characterisation section of the mainclaim 1. Further advantageous or preferred embodiments of the inventionare described in the dependent claims.

[0010] Experiments with air spinning devices designed in accordance withthe invention have surprisingly shown that the air inflow through thefibre conveying channel with a tunnel cladding and an appropriatelydesigned step arrangement, as well as a favourable design of the facesurface of the fibre guide element delimiting the eddy chamber, caneffect an increase of up to 50% in the inflowing air volume. Furtherexperiments have shown that the unexpected improvements in the flowconditions are attributable to two different effects. On the one hand,the reduction of the cross-section of the fibre conveying channel due tothe tunnel cladding produces the unexpected effect of increasing the airvolume flowing through. On the other, a deliberate arrangement of thestep of the tunnel cladding to the eddy chamber housing has the effectof a substantial improvement in the flow conditions in the chamberitself. The deliberate design of the step as a baffle plate has anunexpected effect on the air (or other fluid) emerging from the jetnozzles. This design incurs an improvement in the flow conditions in theeddy chamber, as well as an improvement in the flow conditions in thefibre conveying channel. The face surface of the fibre guide elementwhich delimits the eddy chamber can likewise be designed in such a waythat it serves as a deflection guide surface for the eddy flow. In afurther embodiment of the idea according to the invention, the facesurface can be designed in such a way that it at least does not disturbthe eddy flow (due to the fact that the face surface exhibits a greaterinclination than the direction of flow of the emergent fluid). In bothcases the adaptation of the face surface also improves the effectaccording to the invention.

[0011] Due to the increased air flow and the air throughput respectively(quantity per time unit) through the fibre conveying channel, the fibreguidance between the delivery rollers and the entrance to the fibreconveying channel (see FIG. 1 or 2). The increased air flow through thefibre conveying channel “sucks” the continuous strip of loose staplefibres more intensively into the fibre conveying channel. The individualfibres in the staple sliver are better aligned by this flow, and thestaple sliver is less inclined to “flutter” before running into thefibre conveying channel (caused by the air flow around the rotatingdelivery rollers). The number of production interruptions caused bytears in the staple sliver immediately after the delivery rollers can bereduced by the arrangements according to the invention. Likewise, ameasurable improvement in the yarn quality can also be determined.

[0012] The invention and the inventive thinking are explainedhereinafter on the basis of embodiments represented in the Figures,whereby the invention is not restricted to the embodiments shown in theexamples.

[0013] The Figures show:

[0014]FIG. 1 Prior art from Specification EP 854 214

[0015]FIGS. 2 and 2a Prior art according to JP 3-10 63 68

[0016]FIG. 3 A first embodiment of the invention

[0017]FIG. 3a Section through the device according to the inventionaccording to FIG. 3

[0018]FIG. 3b A second section through the embodiment according to FIG.3

[0019]FIG. 3c Fibre guide element and half-shell of the tunnel cladding

[0020]FIG. 4 Further variant of the invention

[0021]FIG. 4a Section I-I from FIG. 4

[0022]FIG. 5 Further possible embodiment of the invention

[0023]FIG. 6 Diagrammatic representation of the spinning process

[0024]FIGS. 7, 7a, 7 b, 8, 8 a Further embodiments of the invention

[0025]FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the invention. The intention isto explain approximately the means of effect according to the inventionon the basis of this drawing. In the Figure a fibre guide element 3 canbe identified, which is surrounded by a tunnel cladding 17 in the formof a hollow cylinder. The tunnel cladding 17 can be single-piece ormulti-piece, for preference two-piece. The fibre conveying channel 4 issurrounded by the tunnel cladding 17. The tunnel cladding 17 is shapedin such a way that at the end of the fibre conveying channel 4 a step 18is provided to the eddy chamber housing 15. The face surface of the step18 serves as a deflection guide surface for the fluid (not shown)emerging from the jet nozzles 13.1. The outlet apertures of the jetnozzles for the fluid (normally air) into the eddy chamber 14.1 exhibitan elliptical shape (see FIG. 3). In this first embodiment of theinvention, the fibre guide element 3 and the tunnel cladding 17pertaining to it are integrated in the eddy chamber housing 15. As isshown in the following Figures, the eddy chamber housing 15 does notnecessarily also have to encompass the fibre guide element 3 and itstunnel cladding 17. The two latter elements can also exhibit their ownhousing, which delimits the eddy chamber housing 15 (see, for example,FIG. 7). In FIG. 3 the spindle 7 with its yarn guidance channel 8 canalso be seen. FIG. 3a shows the cross-section of the device according tothe invention from FIG. 3 according to the section I-I. It can be seenin this cross-section that the device exhibits four individual jetnozzles 13.1. The invention is not restricted solely to being used ondevices with four jet nozzles. This means that it can also be used withless or more than four jet nozzles. It can also be readily seen fromFIG. 3 how the jet nozzles 13.1 exhibit an inclination angle α to thedirection of conveying of the fibre (material flow direction 19). Theinclination angle α may exhibit a value from 45° to 88°, but forpreference the inclination angle to the material flow direction 19amounts to 70°. The inclination angle of the face surface of the step 18to the direction of the material flow in this first embodiment likewiseexhibits the same value (represented is 70°). In this first variant ofthe invention it can also be readily appreciated how the face surface 20of the fibre guide element 3 delimiting the eddy chamber 14.1 has thesame inclination angle to the direction of material flow 19 as the holesof the jet nozzles 13.1. The inclination angle of the holes correspondsto the direction of flow of the emerging fluid. FIG. 3b shows a sectionof this first variant according to the invention, according to thesection lines II-II. It can be particularly well appreciated here howthe face surface 20 of the fibre guide element 3 in the eddy chamber isflush with the face surface of the step 18. It can be further identifiedfrom FIG. 3a that the holes 13.1 are arranged rotation symmetrically.

[0026]FIG. 3c shows a plan view of the fibre guide element 3. It can bereadily identified in this that the face surface 20 of the fibre guideelement 3 delimiting the eddy chamber exhibits a conical-shaped surface.The conical-shaped face surface 20 is intersected by a surface whichforms the fibre delivery edge 6. From this Figure it can be readilyappreciated that the face surface 20, with the appropriate design, canhave a corresponding effect on the flow in the eddy chamber. Forpreference, the face surface 20 accordingly features the same or alarger inclination angle to the direction of the material flow than thedirection of flow of the emerging air (or fluid). As a result of this,the face surface 20 can serve as a guide surface for the emerging fluid,or at least (with a greater to perpendicular inclination) has nointerfering effect on the eddy flow. In this Figure, in the plan view, ahalf-shell of the tunnel cladding 17.1 is also represented. The tunnelcladding can be a single piece or, as represented here, can consist oftwo half-shells (upper half-shell not represented). For preference, theface surface of the step 18 and the face surface 20 exhibit the sameinclination angle, with the result that both surfaces are flush with oneanother. As is explained in the following Figure, however, the facesurface 20 can also exhibit a different (greater or smaller) inclinationangle than the surface 18.

[0027] In FIG. 4 an embodiment is shown in which the face surface 21 ofthe fibre guide element 3 exhibits a greater, i.e. steeper, inclinationof the direction of the material flow 19 than the flow direction of thefluid (exhibits inclination angle α). The surface 21 exhibits a greater(steeper) inclination angle to the material flow direction 19 than theholes of the jet nozzles 13.1. In addition, the surface 21 is flat andnot conical-shaped. Due to the steeper angle of the face surface 21, theeffect is achieved that this surface has another effect on the eddyflow. Depending on the application situation, it may transpire to befavourable for this variant of the face surface or another inclinationangle to be selected. In addition to the greater (steeper) inclinationof the face surface 21, in comparison with the embodiment of thepreceding Figures, the surface of the face surface 21 of the fibre guideelement 3 in the eddy chamber is also not conical-shaped. This isderived in particular from FIG. 4a, which represents a section accordingto the section line I-I of FIG. 4.

[0028]FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the invention. The device inFIG. 5 differs in relation to the preceding devices in the fibreguidance element 22. In this case too, the face surface 20 of the fibreguide element 22 in the eddy chamber exhibits the same inclination angleas the jet nozzles 13.1 (inclination angle α). The face surface of thestep 18 exhibits the same inclination angle, with the result that thesurfaces 18 and 20 form a flush conical-shaped surface. Experiments haveshown that it is most favourable if the surfaces 18 and 20 exhibit thesame inclination angle and are located flush with one another. Forpreference they also exhibit the same inclination angle as the jetnozzles.

[0029] Variants are also conceivable, however, with which (by contrastwith FIG. 4) the face surface of the fibre guide element in the eddychamber exhibits a lesser inclination angle than the step 18 (not shownin the Figures).

[0030] Which variant is the most favourable depends on the individualapplication situation (e.g. on the type of yarn). The idea of theinvention therefore also comprises in general the possibility of thesurfaces 18 and 20 exhibiting different inclination angles. In thiscontext, these concepts are not restricted to the variant shown in FIG.5.

[0031] The fibre guide element 22 of FIG. 5 exhibits a deflection point23. The deflection point 23 is designed as an edge, but other types ofdeflection points can also be used. The remaining elements of the Figurecorrespond to the preceding description, as a result of which they arenot described in greater detail. The means of effect of the deflectionpoint 23 is explained in the following FIG. 6. Experiments have revealedthat, in addition to the use of the step 18 as a deflection guidesurface for the air and the adaptation of the face surface 20, also withthe use of a deflection point 23, particularly good results can beachieved with regard to yarn quality.

[0032]FIG. 6 attempts to explain approximately the means of effect ofthe deflection point 23. A more precise explanation of the means offunction of such deflection points can be derived from the patentapplication by Applicants CH 0235/02, still unpublished at the time ofthis present application. The fibre guide element 22 with the deflectionpoint guides a staple sliver 24 with a flat arrangement of the fibres inthe direction of the spindle 7. It can be seen in the Figure what theeffect of the deflection point 23 is: At the deflection point 23 thefree fibre ends 25 of the fibres in the staple sliver 24 can be raised(represented by way of example). It can be seen that the free fibre ends25 encompass both the front as well as the rear fibre ends(corresponding to left or right of the deflection point 23). Forexample, it can be recognised how the staple sliver 24, after passingthe deflection point 23 exhibits more free fibre ends at or on thesurface of the staple sliver 24. The deflection point accordinglyincreases the number of free fibre ends on or in the immediate vicinityof the surface of the staple sliver. These free fibre ends can thereforebe better acquired by the eddy flow 11 (or more free fibre ends areacquired respectively) and laid around the inlet aperture mouth 9. Inthis way more free fibre ends can be spun, or more of what are referredto as cover fibres are produced, which inherently improves the spinningprocess and the quality. The spun fibre 10 accordingly has a higherproportion of cover fibres and therefore greater strength than yarnsfrom spinning devices without deflection points.

[0033]FIGS. 7, 7a, and 7 b show different variants for the design of thestep of the tunnel cladding. In all three Figures it can be seen thatthe eddy chamber housing 15 connects to a housing 32 for the fibre guideelement and the tunnel cladding. For the invention it is irrelevantwhether the eddy chamber housing 15 also comprises the housing 32 orwhether there are two separate housings which connect to one another.The invention and the thinking of the invention are capable ofapplication in both cases. The variant which is shown in FIG. 7 has atunnel cladding 26 which is shaped in such a way that located at the endof the fibre conveying channel 4 is the step 29 with an inclinationangle β. For preference the tunnel cladding 26 has a thickness a whichfalls within the range from 0.1 to 3 mm. For preference, the thickness aof the tunnel cladding amounts to 0.5 mm. It can be seen how the hole ofthe jet nozzle 13.1 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the faceside of the step 29 in the eddy chamber housing 15. The step 29 in thiscontext is arranged so close to the opening of the jet nozzle 13.1 thatits face side serves as a deflection guide surface for the emergingflow. It can be seen in the Figure how the step 29 is arranged flushwith the hole. The hole is likewise arranged flush with the innersurface or casing jacket surface of the eddy chamber 14.1, so that thehole 13.1 runs “tangentially flush” into the inner side of the eddychamber housing 15, or tangentially into the eddy chamber 14.1respectively. Not identifiable in the Figure is the fact that the jetnozzle 13.1 can exhibit an inclination angle a to the direction of thematerial flow (see preceding Figures). The inclination angle α of thejet nozzle to the direction of the material flow can be used in a rangefrom 45° to 88°, for preference in a range from 58° to 75°; forpreference, however, inclination angles to the material flow directionof a are used which are equal to 60° or 70° (by relation to the angle αof the preceding Figures). The inclination angle β of the face side ofthe step 29 can exhibit a value which differs from the inclination angleα. The most suitable inclination angle β can be best determinedempirically for the specific application concerned. Experiments haverevealed that in most cases an inclination angle β is suitable whichexhibits the same value as the angle α. The invention, however, makesprovision for the use of different angles.

[0034] The fact that the step can be arranged flush with the holes canbe identified particularly well from FIG. 7b. In this case the tunnelcladding 27 exhibits a step 30 with a face side which even exhibits aninclination angle of 90°. The face side of the step can, however, alsobe flush if the inclination angle does not amount to 90° (see, forexample, FIG. 7).

[0035] The fact that the holes of the jet nozzles can also exhibit adistance interval to the step of the tunnel cladding is shown, forexample, in FIG. 7a. The tunnel cladding 28 in FIG. 7a exhibits a step31, which (measured from the foot of the step) exhibits a distanceinterval d to the geometrical mid-point of the hole 13.1.

[0036] The thinking of the invention can be particularly well identifiedfrom the comparison of the steps shown in FIGS. 7, 7a and 7 b. The ideais for a step or a surface to be provided in the indirect or directvicinity of the outlet apertures of the fluid device, which serves as adeflection guide surface for the emerging fluid (air). These deflectionguide surfaces “conduct” the emerging flow or eddy flow in a suitablemanner, so that the eddy current is optimally adapted to therequirements. The important point is that the steps of the tunnelcladdings, or possibly also the face surfaces of the fibre guideelements turned towards the eddy chamber 14.1 or delimiting it, conductthe eddy flow in a suitable manner. This is an essential functionalfeature of the invention. The most suitable shape and arrangement of thestep is to be selected for the individual application situation. Thestep can therefore be arranged flush with a corresponding inclinationangle or at an appropriate distance interval to the outlet aperture ofthe holes 13.1. Which is the most favourable variant is to be determinedempirically in the specific application instance (e.g. as a function ofthe type or quality of the yarn which is to be produced). The aim in anyevent is for the step or also the face surface of the fibre guideelement to be used as a deflection guide surface, and therefore foroptimum flow conditions or eddy currents respectively for the yarnformation to be achieved. The deliberate use of these surfaces asdeflection guide surfaces for the eddy flow achieves marked improvementsof the spinning process. Even though devices are known from the priorart which exhibit eddy chambers with steps (see, for example, FIG. 2),the principle was not hitherto known of designing such steps asdeflection guide surfaces. Such steps known from the prior art werehitherto contained, for production engineering reasons, in the eddychambers, or at least never had the function according to the presentinvention.

[0037]FIGS. 8 and 8a show preferred arrangements of the jet nozzles. Thetwo Figures correspond to the cross-section I-I from FIG. 3, withcorrespondingly adjusted hole arrangements (in comparison with thearrangement of FIG. 3). It can readily be seen that the eddy chamberhousing exhibits a circular inner surface and the hole of each jetnozzle runs “tangentially flush” into the inner surface if the eddychamber housing. The thinking of the invention can naturally also beapplied to devices in which the holes do not run tangentially into thecross-section of the eddy chamber housing. FIGS. 8 and 8a therefore showonly preferred embodiments for the implementation of the invention. FIG.8 shows a variant in which the longitudinal axis of the hole 33 of onejet nozzle runs parallel to the fibre guide surface 16. The tangentialand flush transition from the hole to the circular inner surface of theeddy chamber accordingly takes place at the zenith point 34. Forpreference the fluid device in the eddy chamber housing exhibits intotal three or for preference four rotationally symmetrically arrangedjet nozzles 13.1.

[0038]FIG. 8a shows four jet nozzles arranged rotationallysymmetrically. By contrast with FIG. 8, however, the holes are arrangedrotated about the longitudinal axis of the device (compare with FIG. 8).Accordingly, the hole 33 of the one jet nozzle can also be arranged insuch a manner that its longitudinal axis 35 passes through the casingsurface of the eddy chamber at the zenith point 34.

[0039] The hole 33 of the one jet nozzle can also be arranged in an areabetween the two latter positions. For preference, several jet nozzlesare used, which are arranged or distributed rotationally symmetricallyabout the longitudinal axis of the device (see FIGS. 8 or 8 a).

[0040] The invention and the thinking of the invention are notrestricted to the possibilities and embodiments explicitly referred tohere. The variants described and shown are intended more as inspirationfor the person skilled in the art to apply the idea of the invention inthe most favourable manner possible for the individual situation.Accordingly, further advantageous arrangements and combinations can beeasily derived from the embodiments described, which likewise reproducethe thinking of the invention and which are intended to be protected bythis application. Some of the features disclosed and describedheretofore in the Description can also be claimed individually. It wouldalso be conceivable for individual features from among these from theDescription to be claimed in another combination than in the followingClaims. The invention is suitable in particular for devices for airspinning, whereby air is used for preference as the fluid.

[0041] Legend

[0042]1 Staple sliver

[0043]2 Delivery roller pair

[0044]3 Fibre guide element

[0045]3.1 Fibre guide element of the prior art

[0046]3 a Jacket casing of the fibre guide element 3.1

[0047]4 Fibre conveying channel

[0048]5 Helical fibre guide surface

[0049]6 Fibre delivery edge

[0050]7 Spindle

[0051]8 Yarn guide channel

[0052]9 Intake mouth aperture for yarn guide channel

[0053]10 Spun thread

[0054]11 Eddy current

[0055]12 Free fibre ends

[0056]13.1 Jet nozzles

[0057]14 Space

[0058]14.1 Eddy chamber

[0059]15 Eddy chamber housing

[0060]16 Flat fibre guide surface

[0061]17 Tunnel cladding

[0062]17.1 Half-shell of the tunnel cladding

[0063]18 Step

[0064]19 Material flow direction

[0065]20 Face surface of the fibre guide element 3 in the eddy chamber

[0066]21 Face surface of the fibre guide element with greaterinclination than the direction of flow of the fluid

[0067]22 Fibre guide element with deflection point

[0068]23 Deflection point

[0069]24 Staple sliver with flat arrangement of fibres

[0070]25 Free fibre ends

[0071]26 Tunnel cladding

[0072]27 Tunnel cladding

[0073]28 Tunnel cladding

[0074]29 Step with inclination angle β

[0075]30 Step with inclination angle of 90°

[0076]31 Step with interval space d

[0077]32 Housing for fibre guide element and tunnel cladding

[0078]33 Hole of first jet nozzle

[0079]34 Zenith point

[0080]35 Longitudinal axis of hole 33

[0081] α Inclination of jet nozzles to the direction of fibre andmaterial conveyance

[0082] β Inclination angle of the step

[0083] a Thickness of the tunnel cladding

[0084] d Distance interval between step and geometrical centre point ofthe hole 13.1

1. A device for the manufacture of a spun fibre or thread from a staplesliver, containing a fibre guide element, a fibre conveying channel, aneddy chamber housing connected to the fibre guide element, whereby thefibre guide element exhibits a face surface which delimits the eddychamber which is formed, the eddy chamber housing contains a spindlewith a yarn guide channel allocated in a distance to the fibre guideelement, whereby the eddy chamber housing contains a fluid device withat least one jet nozzle for creating an eddy current around the intakeaperture mouth of the yarn guide channel, characterised in that thefibre conveying channel (4) exhibits a tunnel cladding (17, 26, 27, 28),which is shaped in such a way that at the end of the fibre conveyingchannel (4) a shoulder (18, 29, 30, 31) to the eddy chamber housing (15)is formed, whereby the front face of the shoulder serves as a deflectionguide surface for the fluid, which emerges from the jet nozzle(s)(13.1.).
 2. The device according to claim 1, characterised in that thefront face (20, 21) of the fibre guide element (3, 22) in the eddychamber (14.1) exhibits the same or a greater inclination than thedirection of flow of the fluid emerging from the fluid device (13.1). 3.The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the frontface of the shoulder (18) exhibits the same inclination angle (α) as thedirection of flow of the fluid emerging from the fluid device (13.1). 4.The device according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised inthat the shoulder (18, 29, 30) is arranged flush with the mouth apertureof the jet nozzle (13.1).
 5. The device according to one of theforegoing claims, characterised in that the front face (20, 21) of thefibre guide element (3, 22) in the eddy chamber (14.1) and/or the holeof each nozzle jet (13.1) exhibits an inclination angle (α) of 45 to 88degrees or 58 to 75 degrees, for preference 70 degrees of 60 degrees tothe direction of the material flow (19).
 6. The device according toclaim 1, characterised in that the tunnel cladding (17,17.1, 26, 27, 28)exhibits a thickness (a) of 0.1 to 3 mm, and for preference 0.5 mm. 7.The device according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised inthat the distance interval (d) between the step (31) and the centrepoint of the hole of the jet nozzle (13.1) or jet nozzles amounts to 0.9mm to 1.3 mm, and for preference 1.1 mm.
 8. The device according to oneof the foregoing claims, characterised in that the eddy chamber housing(15) exhibits a circular inner surface and the hole of each jet nozzle(13.1) passes tangentially flush into the cross-section of the eddychamber housing (15).
 9. The device according to claim 8, characterisedin that the longitudinal axis (35) of the hole (33) of the at least onejet nozzle lies parallel to the fibre guide surface (16) of the fibreconveying channel or the geometrical point of intersection between thelongitudinal axis (35) of the hole (33) of the at least one jet nozzleand the casing surface of the eddy chamber (14.1) at the zenith point(34) of the cross-section of the eddy chamber housing (15), or that thelongitudinal axis (35) of the hole (33) of the at least one jet nozzlelies in the area between the said two positions.
 10. The deviceaccording to claim 9, characterised in that the fluid device (13.1) inthe eddy chamber housing (15) exhibits a total of 3, and for especialpreference 4, rotationally symmetrically arranged jet nozzles (13.1).11. The device according to one of the foregoing claims, characterisedin that the fibre guide surface (16) exhibits a deflection point (23),which causes a deflection of the staple sliver (24), and for preferencethe deflection point (23) is formed as a supplementary edge.